Zaɓar inductor mai dacewa (Molding Choke) don da'irar, ba wai kawai ta hanyar bayyanarsa ba, har ma ta hanyar mai da hankali kan aikinta mai ƙarfi da iyakokin jiki a cikin da'irar.
Ana amfani da inductors masu monolithic galibi a cikin da'irori na wutar lantarki (kamar masu canza DC-DC) don yin ayyukan adana makamashi, tacewa, da ayyukan freewheeling. Domin taimaka muku yin zaɓi mafi kyau, za mu raba tsarin zaɓe zuwa matakai biyar masu zuwa:
1. Ƙayyade girman jiki da marufi (Mataki na 1: Shin zai dace?)
Wannan ita ce mafi mahimmancin ma'aunin tantancewa. Monolithic inductors yawanci tsari ne mai kama da guntu mai siffar murabba'i.
* Takamaiman Ma'auni: A auna girman da tsawon madaurin da aka tanada a kan PCB. Girman da aka saba gani sun haɗa da 3.0×3.0mm, 4.0×4.0mm, 5.0×5.0mm, da sauransu, tare da tsayin da ya kama daga 1.0mm zuwa 5.0mm.
* Tsarin Tasha: Tabbatar ko fil ne na yau da kullun na "tasha biyu" ko kuma ƙirar fil "tasha huɗu" da aka yi niyya don rage hasken rana.
* Lura: Ko da tsayi da faɗin iri ɗaya ne, tsayin yakan ƙayyade juriyar ƙarfin inductor. Tabbatar kada ku zaɓi wanda ba daidai ba.
2. Lissafa kuma daidaita inductance (ƙimar L)
Inductance yana ƙayyade girman ripple na yanzu. Zaɓar shi da girma ko ƙarami zai shafi ingancin samar da wutar lantarki.
* Duba littafin jagorar guntu: Takardun bayanai na yawancin da'irorin sarrafa wutar lantarki (ICs) suna ba da shawarar dabarun lissafin ƙimar inductance.
Za a iya kimanta dabarar gabaɗaya kamar L={(V_{in}-V_{out})XV_{out}/{V_{in}Xf_{sw}XI_{out} XRatio}}
* inda f_{sw} shine mitar sauyawa, kuma RippleRatio yawanci shine 20% ~ 30%.
* Juriya: Inductors masu juyawar haske yawanci suna da juriyar ±20% ko ±30% (misali, maki M ko N), kuma ya kamata a ajiye wani gefe yayin lissafi.
3. Sigogi na wutar lantarki na asali: Dole ne a yi la'akari da "hawarorin" guda biyu
Wannan shine mafi yawan lokuta da ke haifar da kurakurai! Takardar bayanai ta inductors mai tsari yawanci tana ƙayyade kwararar ruwa guda biyu daban-daban, kuma dole ne a cika dukkan sharuɗɗan a lokaci guda:
* Wutar lantarki mai cikawa (I_{sat}): Iyakar tauri
* Ma'anar: Wutar lantarki lokacin da inductance ya faɗi zuwa wani rabo (yawanci 10% zuwa 30% na ƙimar farko).
*Hanyar zaɓi: Dole ne I_{sat} ya fi ƙarfin wutar lantarki (I_{peak}) a cikin da'irar.
*Lissafin wutar lantarki mafi girma: I_{peak} = I_{out} + ΔI_L/2 (watau, wutar fitarwa da rabin wutar lantarki mai ripple).
*Sakamako: Idan I_sat bai isa ba, inductor ɗin zai cika nan take ta hanyar maganadisu, wanda hakan zai haifar da raguwar inductance mai kaifi kuma ya haifar da ƙaruwar wutar lantarki cikin sauri, wanda zai iya ƙone transistor ɗin canzawa.
Wutar lantarki mai ƙaruwar zafin jiki (I2 {rms}): ma'aunin dumama
*Ma'ana: Matsakaicin tushen wutar lantarki mai siffar murabba'i wanda zafin saman inductor ke ƙaruwa da ƙima ta musamman (yawanci 40°C).
*Yadda ake zaɓa: I2 {rms} dole ne ya fi matsakaicin ƙarfin fitarwa (I2 {out}) a cikin da'irar.
*Sakamako: Idan I2 {rms} bai isa ba, inductor zai yi zafi fiye da kima, wanda ba wai kawai yana rage inganci ba har ma yana iya lalata haɗin haɗin PCB.
4. Kula da juriyar DC (DCR) da inganci
DCR (Resistance Direct Current) shine juriyar coil ɗin inductor da kansa.
*Tasirin: DCR na iya haifar da asarar jan ƙarfe (P_ {rashinsa}=I ^ 2 XR), wanda aka mayar da shi kai tsaye zuwa zafi kuma yana rage ingancin wutar lantarki.
*Ma'auni: Idan girma da farashi suka ba da dama, ƙaramin DCR ya fi kyau.
5. Yi la'akari da yawan amsawar kai
Lamarin shigar da wutar lantarki (electromagnetic induction) wanda ke faruwa lokacin da wutar da ke gudana ta cikin mai gudanarwa da kanta ta canza. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da wayar ƙarfe don yin na'ura kuma wutar da ke gudana ta cikin na'urar ta canza, wani babban abin da ke haifar da wutar lantarki zai faru. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na na'urar da ke haifar da na'urar ta hana canjin wutar lantarki kuma yana taka rawa wajen daidaita wutar. Musamman ma, idan mai haɗawa yana cikin yanayin da babu wutar lantarki da ke wucewa, zai yi ƙoƙarin hana wutar ta gudana ta cikinta lokacin da aka kunna da'irar; Idan mai haɗawa yana cikin yanayin da wutar lantarki ke wucewa, zai yi ƙoƙarin kiyaye wutar lantarki mai ɗorewa lokacin da aka katse da'irar.
Lokacin Saƙo: Janairu-21-2026